Coordinate supported dependency major updates

[andrefarzat]

Summary

• upgrade jasmine-core to 6.3.0 and @types/jasmine to 6.0.0 as a compatible pair
• align packageManager with the npm 11.12.1 version used by CI
• defer major updates for Jasmine and Node typings across supported branches

Rationale

Jasmine 7 is incompatible with the Zone.js Jasmine patch used by the current Karma test setup. Node 26 typings are also deferred until Node 26 becomes part of the tested runtime policy.

Validation

• clean npm ci with Node 24.15.0 and npm 11.12.1
• npm run lint
• npm test
• npm run build:demo
• npm audit --omit=dev --audit-level=high
• npm run verify:package
• npm run verify:consumer