Custom ReScriptError class

[cknitt]

Similar to melange-re/melange#1043

[DZakh]

@cknitt assign me instead

[CarlOlson]

Not using real errors is still a big pain point in ReScript. I end up needing to create custom logic for many tools (like Jest and Open Telemetry).

Are there still blockers? I saw this message, but I don't fully understand why it is an issue:

Thanks a lot! As discussed the plan is to bring this back together with #6979 once we have a solution for the binary compatibility issue described in https://github.com/rescript-lang/rescript-compiler/pull/6979/files#r1738735381.

Originally posted by @cknitt in #7016 (review)

If that is no longer a blocker I could probably rebase the previous work.